透过 Crontab 排程备份 Mariadb （Mysql）使用 php

本教学将使用纯 php 去备份资料库并下载到目录底下

$ crontab -e

设定每天凌晨00:00 执行

0 0 * * * php /var/www/backup.php

backup.php 脚本记得开头一定要 「<?php」，即便你有启用缩写

header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');function backup_mysql_database($options){$mtables = array(); $contents = "-- Database: `".$options['db_to_backup']."` --\n";$mysqli = new mysqli($options['db_host'], $options['db_uname'], $options['db_password'], $options['db_to_backup']);if ($mysqli->connect_error) {    die('Error : ('. $mysqli->connect_errno .') '. $mysqli->connect_error);}$mysqli->query("SET NAMES utf8");$mysqli->set_charset("utf8mb4");$results = $mysqli->query("SHOW TABLES");while ($row = $results->fetch_array()){    if (!in_array($row[0], $options['db_exclude_tables'])){        $mtables[] = $row[0];    }}foreach($mtables as $table){    $contents .= "-- Table `".$table."` --\n";    $results = $mysqli->query("SHOW CREATE TABLE ".$table);    while ($row = $results->fetch_array()){        $contents .= $row[1].";\n\n";    }    $results = $mysqli->query("SELECT * FROM ".$table);    $row_count = $results->num_rows;    $fields = $results->fetch_fields();    $fields_count = count($fields);    $insert_head = "INSERT INTO `".$table."` (";    for($i=0; $i < $fields_count; $i++){        $insert_head  .= "`".$fields[$i]->name."`";            if($i < $fields_count-1){                    $insert_head  .= ', ';                }    }    $insert_head .=  ")";    $insert_head .= " VALUES\n";    if($row_count>0){        $r = 0;        while ($row = $results->fetch_array()){            if(($r % 400)  == 0){                $contents .= $insert_head;            }            $contents .= "(";            for($i=0; $i < $fields_count; $i++){                $row_content =  str_replace("\n","\\n",$mysqli->real_escape_string($row[$i]));                switch($fields[$i]->type){                    case 8: case 3:                        $contents .=  $row_content;                        break;                    default:                        $contents .= "'". $row_content ."'";                }                if($i < $fields_count-1){                        $contents  .= ', ';                    }            }            if(($r+1) == $row_count || ($r % 400) == 399){                $contents .= ");\n\n";             } else {                $contents .= "),\n";            }            $r++;        }    }}if (!is_dir ( $options['db_backup_path'] )) {        mkdir ( $options['db_backup_path'], 0777, true ); }## 备份后的 sql 名称$backup_file_name = "dev-" . date( "Y-m-d H:i:s").".sql";$fp = fopen($options['db_backup_path'] . '/' . $backup_file_name ,'w+');if (($result = fwrite($fp, $contents))) {   //  echo "Backup file created '$backup_file_name' ($result)";}fclose($fp);return $backup_file_name;}## 资料库设定$options = array(    'db_host'=> 'localhost',     'db_uname' => 'root', // 资料库使用者帐号    'db_password' => 'password', // 资料库密码    'db_to_backup' => 'db', // 资料库名称    'db_backup_path' => '/var/www/', // 保存到哪个路径    'db_exclude_tables' => array() );$backup_file_name=backup_mysql_database($options);

这样就可以透过 php 备份到该主机下，直接产生 sql 档了。

参考
https://ianakaberlin.medium.com/php-crontab-%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-php-%E9%80%8F%E9%81%8E-crontab-%E6%8E%92%E7%A8%8B%E5%9B%BA%E5%AE%9A%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E5%82%99%E4%BB%BD-mariadb-mysql-crontab-mysql-mariadb-%E4%BC%8A%E6%81%A9%E8%B8%A9%E5%9D%91%E7%AD%86%E8%A8%98-8c4ba1064e9b